One of 17 megadiverse countries in the world, Ecuador hosts many endemic plants and animals, such as those of the Galápagos Islands. In recognition of its unique ecological heritage, the new constitution of 2008 is the first in the world to recognize legally enforceable rights of nature.
Spanish is the official language spoken by a majority of the population, though 13 native languages are also recognized, including Quechua and Shuar.
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